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Enterprise AI Analysis: Deep learning models for culturally aware cyberbullying detection in Muslim societies: a systematic review

Enterprise AI Analysis

Deep learning models for culturally aware cyberbullying detection in Muslim societies: a systematic review

This paper reviews deep learning models for detecting culturally specific cyberbullying in Muslim societies, focusing on limitations, advancements, and future directions. It highlights the need for culturally aware embeddings, multimodal detection, and interdisciplinary collaboration to create safer online spaces for Muslim communities.

Executive Impact: Key Performance Indicators

Implementing culturally aware AI for cyberbullying detection offers significant benefits, ensuring more accurate identification of harmful content and fostering safer online environments for diverse communities.

0 Accuracy in Bangla cyberbullying detection
0 F1-score improvement with fine-tuned models
0 Multimodal architecture accuracy

Deep Analysis & Enterprise Applications

Select a topic to dive deeper, then explore the specific findings from the research, rebuilt as interactive, enterprise-focused modules.

Text Data Representation

Understanding the nuances of text, especially in multilingual and culturally sensitive contexts like Muslim societies, is paramount. Models like BERT, Word2Vec, and FastText are vital for capturing subtle meanings, religious references, and local slang that traditional methods might miss. BERT's bidirectional attention allows it to interpret context-sensitive language, crucial for detecting sarcasm or implicit bias in Islamophobic content. FastText excels with morphologically rich languages by using subword information, making it effective for Urdu and Arabic.

Image Data Representation

As cyberbullying increasingly involves visual content, models need to process images effectively. Techniques like Optical Character Recognition (OCR) extract text from images (e.g., memes, screenshots), enabling NLP models to analyze them. Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), identify offensive imagery, symbols, and religious attire. Multimodal fusion combines these visual and textual insights for a comprehensive detection approach, essential for nuanced Islamophobic content.

Culturally Aware Models

The core challenge is to build models that understand cultural and religious context. This involves training models on culturally enriched datasets from Muslim-majority countries and using specialized embeddings (e.g., AraBERT) tailored to local languages and norms. Fine-tuning pre-trained models on domain-specific data significantly improves performance in detecting indirect or veiled hate speech. Ethical considerations and community involvement are also critical for developing trustworthy and equitable systems.

99.8% Highest Accuracy Achieved in Social Media Cyberbullying Detection (SSA-DBN model)

Enterprise Process Flow

Input Dataset
Data Preprocessing
Feature Extraction
Vectorization
Train/Test Split
Deep Learning Models
Evaluation

Deep Learning Models Comparison (Culturally Aware Contexts)

Model Strengths in Muslim Contexts Challenges/Limitations
BERT/AraBERT
  • Context-sensitive understanding of subtle language patterns
  • Effective for Islamophobic hate speech, sarcasm, implicit bias
  • Transfer learning capacity for multilingual/low-resource contexts
  • Computationally expensive, requires large datasets for fine-tuning
  • Standard BERT primarily English-focused (AraBERT addresses this)
LSTM/Bi-LSTM
  • Captures long-term dependencies in sequential data (conversations)
  • Effective for gradual bullying, shifts in tone
  • Bi-LSTMs offer bidirectional context
  • Computationally expensive, slow for large datasets
  • Prone to overfitting on small datasets
  • Struggles with explicit, local patterns compared to CNN
CNN
  • Efficient at detecting local patterns (n-grams, keywords)
  • Good for explicit language, emojis, visual symbols
  • Fast processing of large datasets
  • Limited in modeling long-range dependencies
  • May struggle with broader context and subtle bullying over time
Hybrid (CNN-LSTM, Attention)
  • Combines strengths of multiple architectures (local + long-range)
  • Excels in multimodal data (text+images+emojis)
  • Attention mechanisms improve interpretability and focus on important cues
  • Increased implementation complexity and data alignment issues
  • Requires precise annotation and synchronization for multimodal data

Case Study: Detecting Islamophobic Memes

A recent study focused on detecting Islamophobic memes that combine visual elements (like religious attire or symbols) with sarcastic or derogatory text captions. Traditional text-only models struggled, as the visual cues were critical for understanding the offensive intent. By employing a multimodal CNN-RNN architecture and OCR for embedded text, the system achieved 88% accuracy. This highlights the need for integrated visual and textual analysis for culturally nuanced cyberbullying.

Calculate Your Potential AI Impact

Estimate your potential savings and efficiency gains by implementing a culturally aware AI cyberbullying detection system.

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Your AI Implementation Roadmap

A strategic phased approach to integrate culturally aware AI for robust cyberbullying detection in your enterprise.

Phase 1: Culturally Enriched Data Collection & Annotation

Collaborate with linguists and cultural experts to build large-scale, open-source datasets featuring Muslim-specific language, symbols, and contexts.

Phase 2: Model Adaptation & Fine-tuning

Leverage pre-trained models (e.g., AraBERT) and fine-tune them on the newly curated culturally specific datasets. Incorporate sociolinguistic and religious features.

Phase 3: Multimodal System Development

Integrate text, audio, and visual content analysis using CNNs, OCR, and attention-based transformers to handle code-mixing and language diversity.

Phase 4: Ethical AI & Community-Informed Moderation

Develop interpretable AI models (XAI) and establish community feedback loops to ensure fairness, transparency, and continuous adaptation to evolving threats.

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